摘要

“WUFEICHENGSHI”YU“LIANGXINGJIDI”JUNWEIGUOJIAPIFUDEGUFEIZONGHEGUANLILINGYUDEXIANGGUANSHIDIAN，TONGGUO“LIANGXINGJIDI”DEJIANSHE，JIANGZAI“WUFEICHENGSHI”DEJIANSHEZHONGXINGCHENGJUJIAOMOSHI，TUIDONGCHENGSHIZONGTIGUIHUA、GUFEICHANYEXIANGMUXUANZHILUODI、GUFEIHUISHOUTIXIRONGHEDAJIAN、GUFEIZONGHELIYONGYUANQUANCHUZHIDENG，XINGCHENGZISHANGERXIADEZONGTIBUJUHEJIANSHEMOSHI，YOUZHUYUPOJIECHENGSHI“LAJIWEICHENG”，TUIDONGGUFEIZONGHELIYONG，CUJINHUANBAOCHANYEFAZHAN，CONGERZHULICHENGGONGJIANSHE“WUFEICHENGSHI”，TISHENGCHENGSHIZONGHEGUANLISHUIPINGYUSHENGHUOPINZHI，XINGCHENGLVSEFAZHANMOSHI。

关键词：无废城市；两型基地；固废综合利用；绿色发展

引言

WOGUOGUTIFEIWULISHIDUICUNLIANGYUE600~700YIDUN，MEINIANXINZENGDEGUTIFEIQIWUJIN100YIDUN。XINZENGGUFEILIANGJUGAOBUXIA，LISHICUNLIANGXIAOHUAKUNNAN，JIANGDAOZHIDALIANGGONGYEGUFEIDELUTIANDUIJI，DUITUDI、DIXIASHUIDENGGEFANGMIANZAOCHENGYANZHONGHUANJINGWEIHAI，BINGBUDUANCANSHIQINZHANCHENGSHIDEFAZHANKONGJIAN，GUTIFEIWUDEXIAONALIYONGCHENGWEILEDANGQIANCHENGSHIFAZHANDE“DANGWUZHIJI”。

SHENGTAIHUANJINGBUGONGBUDE《2019NIANQUANGUODA、ZHONGCHENGSHIGUTIFEIWUWURANHUANJINGFANGZHINIANBAO》XIANSHI，2018NIANWOGUO200GEDAZHONGCHENGSHIYIBANGONGYEGUFEICHANSHENGZONGLIANGDA15.5YIDUN，DANZHIYOU8.6YIDUNSHIXIANLIYONG，LIYONGLVJINWEI55.48%。2018NIANWOGUOSHENGHUOLAJIQINGYUNLIANGWEI2.28YIDUN，TONGBIZENGZHANG5.56%。SUIZHECHENGSHIHUAJINCHENGDEJIAKUAI，WOGUOSHENGHUOLAJIQINGYUNLIANGJIANGCHIXUKUODA，YUJI2023NIANJIANGCHAOGUO3YIDUN，SHENGHUOLAJIDEFENLEIHUISHOUYUCHULIYALIJIANGCHIXUZENGDA。

GUTIFEIQIWUCHULISANLUAN、GUTIFEIWUQUXIANGBUMING、ZONGHELIYONGYUJIZHONGCHUZHINENGLIBUGOU、BIAOZHUNTIXIBUJIANQUAN、JISHUZHICHENGBUZUDENGWENTIBUTONGCHENGDUDECUNZAI，SHIGUTIFEIWUWURANFANGZHICHENGWEILVSEFAZHANZHONGDEDUANBAN。ZAILVSEFAZHAN、SHENGTAIYOUXIAN、XUNHUANDAIDONGCHENGWEIFAZHANGONGSHIDEXIANJIN，RUHETUIDONGCHENGSHILVSEFAZHAN，CHENGSHUYINGDUIFEIQIWUCHANSHENGYUCHULIWENTI，JIANGSHIPOJIE“LAJIWEICHENG”，XINGCHENGLVSEFAZHANDEGUANJIAN。

GUTIFEIQIWUZIYUANHUALIYONGSHIPOJIEGUFEIWURANFANGZHINANTIDEYOUXIAOTUJING。GUFEIZIYUANHUALIYONGJIANGYOUXIAOHUANJIEZIYUANPINGJINGXIANZHUANG，CHENGWEIZIYUANLAIYUANDEZHONGYAOBUCHONG。WOGUODAZONGKUANGCHAN、SHIYOU、TIANRANQIDENGZIYUANDUIWAIYICUNDUJIAOGAO，TIEKUANGSHI、TONG、JIADENGDUIWAIYICUNDUCHAOGUO50%，YUANYOUDUIWAIYICUNDUGAODA72.3%。JINGCESUAN，MEIHUISHOULIYONG1DUNZAISHENGZIYUANKEYIJIEYUEZIRANZIYUAN4.12DUN，BIAOZHUNMEI1.4DUN，JIANSHAO6~10DUNGUFEICHUZHI。2018NIANWOGUOHUISHOULIYONGZAISHENGYOUSEJINSHU1110WANDUN，ZHANYOUSEJINSHUCHANLIANGDE19.4%。YUJIDAO2030NIAN，WOGUOTONGGUOGUFEIZIYUANHUAKEXINZENGZAISHENGTONG607WANDUN、GANGTIE4.7YIDUN，TIDAIYUE25%DEYUANSHENGZIYUANLIANG。CIWAI，GUFEIZIYUANHUALIYONGDUIYUERYANGHUATANHEWURANWUJIANPAIJUYOUFEICHANGXIANZHUDEXIAOGUO。YUYUANSHENGCHANPINXIANGBIJIAO，ZAIZHIZAOCHANPINKEJIEYUECHENGBEN50%、NENGHAO60%、YUANCAILIAO70%，JIANSHAOWURANPAIFANGYUE80%。

JINNIANLAI，WOGUOCHUTAILEYIXILIEZHENGCETUIDONG“WUFEICHENGSHI”“LIANGXINGJIDI”DEJIANSHE，QIHEXINSHITUIDONGCHENGSHIGUFEIZIYUANHUALIYONG，SHIXIANLVSEFAZHAN。BENWENSHOUXIANSHULI“WUFEICHENGSHI”JIANSHEXIANZHUANGHECUNZAIDEWENTI，RANHOUFENXI“LIANGXINGJIDI”DUIYUSHIXIAN“WUFEICHENGSHI”DEZHONGYAOZUOYONGHEJIANSHEXIANZHUANG，ZUIHOUTICHUJINYIBUFAZHAN“LIANGXINGJIDI”ZHULI“WUFEICHENGSHI”JIANSHEDEZHENGCEJIANYI。

一、“无废城市”建设现状与问题

“WUFEICHENGSHI”SHIGUANCHEXIJINPINGSHENGTAIWENMINGSIXIANG，LIZUYUCHUANGXIN、XIEDIAO、LVSE、KAIFANG、GONGXIANGDEWUDAFAZHANLINIAN，ZHILIYUDAZAOLVSESHENGCHANSHENGHUOFANGSHI，SHIXIANANQUANCHUZHIGUTIFEIQIWU，JIANGDIQIDUISHENGTAIHUANJINGDEYINGXIANG，BINGJINXINGYUANTOUJIANLIANGHEZIYUANHUALIYONGDEYIZHONGCHENGSHIFAZHANFANGSHI。2018NIANGUOWUYUANBANGONGTINGYINFALE《“WUFEICHENGSHI”JIANSHESHIDIANGONGZUOFANGAN》(GUOBANFA〔2018〕128HAO),TICHU“WUFEICHENGSHI”JIANSHELINIAN，“TANSUOJIANLI‘WUFEICHENGSHI’JIANSHEZONGHEGUANLIZHIDUHEJISHUTIXI，DAZONGGONGYEGUTIFEIWUZHUCUNCHUZHIZONGLIANGZENGZHANGQULING，ZHUYAONONGYEFEIQIWUQUANLIANGLIYONG，SHENGHUOLAJIJIANLIANGHUA，ZIYUANHUASHUIPINGQUANMIANTISHENG，WEIXIANFEIQIWUQUANMIANANQUANGUANKONG……，PEIYUYIPIGUTIFEIWUZIYUANHUALIYONGGUGANQIYE。”YAOZAIQUANGUOFANWEINEIXUANZEYOUTIAOJIAN、YOUJICHU、GUIMOSHIDANGDECHENGSHIKAIZHANSHIDIANGONGZUO。

YINIANDUOLAI,“WUFEICHENGSHI”DELINIANZHUBUDEDAOLEGEFANGDERENTONG，SHENGTAIHUANJINGBUKAIZHANSHIDIANDE11+5GECHENGSHIHEDIQUANJIHUATUIJIN，QIZHONG12GECHENGSHIHEDIQUYIJINGHUOZHEZHENGZAIKAIZHANGUOJIAFAZHANGAIGEWEIZUZHIDEYUANQUXUNHUANHUAGAIZAO、“CHENGSHIKUANGCHAN”JIDI、ZIYUANXUNHUANLIYONGJIDI、DAZONGGUFEIZONGHELIYONGJIDIDENGDEJIANSHE。TONGGUOFENXISHIDIANCHENGSHIGUFEILIYONGZHONGLEIHESHULIANGFAXIAN，“WUFEICHENGSHI”SHIDIANJIDAIBUJUHEJIANSHE“LIANGXING”JIDI，YIWANSHANZHENGTISHIDIANDAZAO，JIANBIAO1。

“11+5”WUFEICHENGSHISHIDIANJIANSHEZHONG，YOUYUCHENGSHISHUIPINGGEYI、NENGLIGEYI，JIANSHEQINGKUANGCHAYIJIAODA，ZAIZONGTIJIANSHEBUJU、SHENGHUOLAJIHUISHOUTIXI、SHENGHUOLAJICHULI、XINGYEGUFEIZONGHELIYONG、XINXIGONGXIANGDENGFANGMIANCUNZAIYIXIEWENTI。

ZAIZONGTIJIANSHEBUJUFANGMIAN，XIONGANXINQUGUIHUACHULINENGLI、JISHULUXIANMINGXIANJIAOYOU；BEIJING、TIANJINLIANGKAIFAQUYOUYUQUYUNEIRENKOUJIMIANJISUOXIAN，DADUOCAIYONGQUYUXIETONG、XIAOXINGFENSANCHULIDEFANGSHI，DANWUHAIHUASHUIPINGJUNXIANGDUIJIAOGAO；DIFANGXIAN、XIANJISHILAJIJIZHONGCHUZHISHUIPINGYOUDAITISHENG。BUFENDIFANGRUPANJINSHIYIJINGGUIHUAJIANSHEPANJINSHIZAISHENGZIYUANCHANYEYUANHELIAODONGWANXINQUZAISHENGZIYUANCHANYEYUANLIANGGEZAISHENGZIYUANCHANYEYUANQU，GUANGZEXIANJIHUABUDUANWANSHANCHENGSHILAJITIANMAI、CANCHULAJICHULI、JIANZHULAJICHULICHANG、YIBANGONGYEGUFEICHULI、BAOFEIJIDONGCHECHAIJIE、WUNISHENGCHANSHENGWUZHIKELIRANLIAO、JIANZHULAJI、KUANGSHANFEISHISHENGCHANJIZHISHADENGXIANGMUJIANSHE，DANXIANGMUSHIFOUCHENGXIANJIZHONGHUA、YUANQUHUARENGDAISHANGQUE。

ZAISHENGHUOLAJIHUISHOUTIXIFANGMIAN，SHENZHEN、TIANJINXINQUFENLEIJIAOWEIJINGXI，ERPUTONGCHENGSHI、XIANJIDIQULAJIFENLEIGONGZUOYUFENLEIBIAOZHUN、YUANZEXIANGDUIJIAOWEIZHIHOU。

ZAISHENGHUOLAJICHULIFANGMIAN，SHENZHEN、XINING、SHAOXING、XUCHANGDENGDILAJITIANMAICHANGYIJINGGAOJI，MUQIANYIGUIHUAHUOZAIJIANLAJIFENSHAOXIANGMU、CANCHUFEIQIWUZONGHECHULIXIANGMU。DANSHI，YOUYUGONGZHONGDUIERWUYINGDENGQITIPAIFANGDEYINYOU，LINBIXIAOYINGMINGXIAN，YISHENGHUOLAJIFENSHAOWEIZHUDELAJIFENSHAOXIANGMURENGRANMIANLINXUANZHINANDENGWENTI。

ZAIXINGYEGUFEIZONGHELIYONGFANGMIAN，BAOTOU、TONGLINGDENGZHANGQIYITUOZIYUANKAICAI、YELIANWEIZHUDEGONGYECHENGSHI，DAZONGGUFEIDECUNLIANGYUXINZENGLIANGJUDA，ERCHULINENGLIQUEKOUJUDA，XIANGGUANZAISHENGZIYUANCHANPINSHICHANGFENEJIAOXIAO，RENGSHIZHONGZHANGQIMIANLINDEZHUYAOWENTI。

ZAIXINXIGONGXIANGFANGMIAN，RUXUANCHENGSHIDEGUFEIGUANLISHUIPINGHEXINXIGONGKAICHENGDUCHAYIMINGXIAN，DABUFENDIQUDUIYUGUFEICUNLIANG、XINZENGLIANGDENGXINXIDEGONGBUHETONGJICUNZAIXIANGDANGDADEQUESHI。LIRU，BAOTOUSHIZANWEIGONGBU2017NIANQUANSHIWEIXIANFEIQIWUCHANSHENGLIANGJIJUTICHULIQINGKUANGDENGXINXI。

表1 “无废城市”11+5试点固废处理现状分析

注：表格数据来源于文献（参考文献[1-2]）及试点城市地区的公开数据（如生态环境厅/局官网），部分地区尚未公布相关数据，不代表该地区无该项处理能力。由于部分城市信息公开有限，此表可能与实际存在一定偏差，请酌情参考。

二、“两型基地”建设意义与现状

“LIANGXINGJIDI”SHIZHIZIYUANXUNHUANLIYONGJIDIHEDAZONGGUTIFEIQIWUZONGHELIYONGJIDI，SHIGENJU《GUOJIAFAZHANGAIGEWEIBANGONGTING ZHUFANGCHENGXIANGJIANSHEBUBANGONGTINGGUANYUTUIJINZIYUANXUNHUANLIYONGJIDIJIANSHEDETONGZHI》（FAGAIBANHUANZI〔2018〕502HAO）、《GUOJIAFAZHANGAIGEWEIBANGONGTING GONGYEHEXINXIHUABUBANGONGTING GUANYUTUIJINDAZONGGUTIFEIQIWUZONGHELIYONGCHANYEJIJUFAZHANDETONGZHI》（FAGAIBANHUANZI〔2019〕44HAO）DENGWENJIANKAIZHANDESHIDIANJIDIJIANSHEXINGDONG，QIZHONGZIYUANXUNHUANLIYONGJIDIZHUYAOZHENDUIFEIGANGTIE、FEIYOUSEJINSHU、FEIJIULUNTAI、JIANZHULAJI、CANCHUFEIQIWU、YUANLINFEIQIWU、FEIJIUFANGZHIPIN、FEISULIAO、FEIRUNHUAYOU、FEIZHI、KUAIDIBAOZHUANGWU、FEIBOLI、SHENGHUOLAJI、CHENGSHIWUNIDENGCHENGSHIFEIQIWUJINXINGFENLEILIYONGHEJIZHONGCHUZHI，SHIJIANSHECHENGSHIXINXINGGONGNENGQU，POJIELAJICHUZHI“LINBIXIAOYING”DEZHUYAOTUJINGZHIYI。DAZONGGUTIFEIQIWUZONGHELIYONGJIDI（GONGXINBUPIFUSHIDIANWEIGONGYEZIYUANZONGHELIYONGJIDI），ZHUYAOZHENDUIWEIKUANG（GONGBANSHENGKUANG）、MEIGANSHI、FENMEIHUI、YEJINZHA（CHINI）、HUAGONGZHA（GONGYEFUCHANSHIGAO）、GONGYEFEIQILIAO（JIANZHULAJI）、NONGLINFEIQIWUJIQITA（HANKUAIDIBAOZHUANG、FEIJIUDIANCHI、FEIJIUSHEBEICHAIJIEFEIQIWUDENG）DENGGONGYEFEIQIWU，MUDESHITIGAOGUFEIZIYUANHUALIYONGSHUIPING，CHIXUSHIXIANGUFEIYUANTOUJIANLIANGHEZIYUANZONGHELIYONG。 

“LIANGXINGJIDI”DEHEXINMUBIAOSHIGUTIFEIWUYUANTOUJIANLIANG、ZIYUANHUALIYONGHEWUHAIHUACHULI，ZHEIYESHI“WUFEICHENGSHI”JIANSHEDEZHONGYAONEIRONG。YINCI，“LIANGXINGJIDI”JIANSHESHISHIXIAN“WUFEICHENGSHI”MUBIAODEZHONGYAOZHUASHOU。MUQIAN，GUOJIAFAZHANGAIGEWEILEIJIPIFULE100GE“LIANGXINGJIDI”SHIDIAN，WEIRAOCHENGSHISHENGHUOLAJI、ZAISHENGZIYUANYUXINGYEDAZONGGUTIFEIQIWUKAIZHANJIZHONGZONGHELIYONGSHIDIANJIDIJIANSHE，JIDIQINGDANJICHULIFEIQIWULEIXINGJIANBIAO2。

表2 “两型基地”试点建设现状

注：2018年获批为资源循环利用基地，2019获批为大宗固体废弃物综合利用基地。

“LIANGXINGJIDI”PIFUYILAI，DABUFENSHIDIANJIDIXIANGMURENGZAIJIANSHEDANGZHONG。CONGBUFENYIJINGYUNYINGDESHIDIANJIDILAIKAN，GUFEICHUZHIYUZONGHELIYONGQIYEMIANLINZHE“CHIBUBAO”、YUNXINGYUGUANLIKUNNANDENGWENTI，ZHUYAOYOUYIXIAJIDIAN：

YISHIGUOJIADUIERWUYINGHEYANQIPAIFANGBIAOZHUNBUDUANJIAYAN。ZHONGXIAOCHENGSHIDABUFENQIYEWULICHENGDANGAOANGDEYUNXINGWEIHUCHENGBEN，YOUNENGLICHENGDANDEDACHENGSHIZESHOUZHIYULINBIXIAOYING，JIDIJIANSHEYEJUBUWEIJIAN。

ERSHIHUISHOUTIXIYOUDAIJINYIBUJIAQIANG。CHULIXIANGMUNENGGOUZHENGCHANGYUNYINGDEGUANJIANZAIYUBAOCHIHUISHOULIANGDEWENDING，ERSHENGHUOLAJI、GONGYEGUFEI、ZAISHENGZIYUANDENGGUFEIZIYUANDUOYANG，HENDUOGAOZHIHUAGUFEIHUISHOUYIYOUCHENGSHUCHANYELIANTIAO，ZHUYAOYOUGEZHONGQIYE、XIAOZUOFANGHUISHOUJIAGONGLIYONG，ERDIZHIHUAFEIQIWUHUISHOUZHUYAOYOUCHENGSHIHUANWEITIXITONGYIHUISHOU、TIANMAIHUOFENSHAO。YOUYUQUEFASHICHANGXINGWEI，TONGSHIBUFENGONGYEGUFEILIYONGNENGLIDI，CHULIQIYEWANGWANGMIANLIN“CHIBUBAO”DEWENTI，ZAICHENGSHIYIYOUBUTIEJICHUSHANG，RENGYUNYINGKUNNAN。

SANSHIGONGYEGUFEIZIYUANHUAJISHUTIXIYUSHICHANGTIAOJIANRENGBUWANSHAN。SHOUXIANYUYUNJUDUAN、CHANPINGONGYIJISHUJIAODIDENGWENTI，GUFEIZIYUANHUACHANPINCHENGBENGAOANG，PINZHIDIDUAN，SHICHANGRENGWEIDAKAI，DABUFENGUFEILIYONGQIYEYUNYINGKUNNAN。SHOUXIANYUGONGYEGUFEICUNLIANG、ZENGLIANGJUDA，WULITEXINGFUZA，DABUFENZHONGXIAOQIYEGUANLIBUGUIFAN，TOURUYANFAJISHUTOUZIJIAODI，SHANGWEIXINGCHENGHUANJING、JINGJI、SHEHUI、JISHUDUOFANGYOUXIAODEZIYUANHUAJISHUTIXI。

SISHIZHENGFUZHICHILIDUYOUDAIJIAQIANG。GEDIZHENGFUDUIGUFEIZIYUANHUACHANPINDEZHILIANGBIAOZHUNHERENZHENGTIXIBUYI，NANYIKUAQUYULIUTONG，CONGERDAOZHIZIYUANHUACHANPINDESHICHANGKONGJIANXIAXIAO，QIESHOUJIAGEBODONGYINGXIANGJIAODA，ZAISHICHANGJINGZHENGZHONGWANGWANGCHUYULIESHIDIWEI，DAOZHIJIDIXIANGMUZAITOURONGZI、JIANSHEDENGFANGMIANJINZHANHUANMAN，TONGSHIZHENGFUDUIYUGUFEILIYONGQIYEDEFUCHIWANGWANGSHIJIANDANDECAIZHENGBUTIE，WEINENGZAIHUISHOUTIXI、JISHUYANFA、RONGZIZHICHIDENGFANGMIANJIYUBANGZHU。

三、“两型基地”助力“无废城市”建设的政策建议

“WUFEICHENGSHI”SHIYIZHONGXINDECHENGSHIFAZHANLINIANHEMOSHI，XUYAOZHENGFU、QIYE、GONGZHONG、SHEHUIDENGDUOFANGXIETONGHEZUOCAINENGXINGCHENGLIANGHAODEYUNXINGJIZHI。SUIZHE“WUFEICHENGSHI”SHIDIANJIANSHEDESHUNLITUIJIN，YUQIXIAYIBUJIANGZAIQUANGUOFANWEINEIXUANZEGENGDUODIQUZHANKAI“WUFEICHENGSHI”JIANSHE，ZHEIJIANGYOUZHUYUQUANMIANSHIXIANGUTIFEIQIWUZONGHELIYONG，SHENGHUOLAJIFENLEIHUISHOU，WEIXIANFEIQIWUANQUANCHUZHI，DUIYUGAISHANCHENGSHIHUANJINGMIANMAOHEBAOHUNONGCUNSHENGTAIHUANJINGJUYOUZHONGYAOYIYI。

“无废城市”——海南三亚市

ZAI“WUFEICHENGSHI”SHIDIANJIANSHEGUOCHENGZHONG，DABUFENSHIDIANDIQUYIJINGYISHIDAO“LIANGXINGJIDI”JIANSHEDEZHONGYAOXING，YOUXIESHIDIANDIQUYIZAIYUANYOUDEXUNHUANJINGJISHIDIANJICHUSHANGWEIRAO“LIANGXINGJIDI”KAIZHANBUJUYUJIANSHE。DANGENGDUODESHIDIANDIQURENGQUEFA“LIANGXINGJIDI”DEZONGTIGUIHUABUJU，ZHEIJIANGDUIHOUXUTONGYIGUIHUA、XIANGMUXUANZHI、LUODIJIANSHE、ZHENGTIYUNYINGZAOCHENGKUNNAN。“LIANGXINGJIDI”JIANGTONGCHOUSHENGHUOGUFEIYUGONGYEGUFEIDEZONGTIGUANLI，WANSHANGUFEIHUISHOUTIXI，XINGCHENGCHULIGUIMO，TISHENGGUFEIZONGHELIYONGJISHU、WANSHANZONGHEGUANLISHUIPING，FAZHANHUANBAOCHANYE，ZHEIDUIYU“WUFEICHENGSHI”DEJIANSHEJIANGYOUBAILIERWUYIHAI。WEICI，SHIDIANDIQUYINGYI“LIANGXINGJIDI”WEIZHONGYAOZHUASHOU，ZHULI“WUFEICHENGSHI”JIANSHE。

YISHIJIANG“LIANGXINGJIDI”NARUCHENGSHIZONGTIBUJU。ZAICHENGSHIZONGTIFAZHANGUIHUAZHONG，TONGYIXIEDIAOGUIHUAYONGDIBUJU，ZAICHENGSHIJIANSHEZHONGWEIRAOYIYOUGUFEICHULISHESHI、GUFEIDUIFANGDIQUTONGCHOUGUIHUA“LIANGXINGJIDI”，TONGSHIWEIBIANYUXUANZHIHEJIESHENGCHENGBEN，CHENGSHIZHIJIANKEYIGONGTONGJIANSHE“LIANGXINGJIDI”，HEZUOCHULIFEIQIWU。

ERSHIYITUO“LIANGXINGJIDI”WANSHANCHENGSHIHUISHOUTIXI。TUIDONGCHENGSHIZAISHENGZIYUAN、SHENGHUOLAJIHUISHOUTIXIXIANGZIYUANXUNHUANLIYONGJIDIQINGXIE，TUIDONGCHENGSHIGONGYE、NONGYEGUTIFEIQIWUCHANSHENGYUSHOUYUNTIXIXIANGDAZONGGUFEIZONGHELIYONGJIDIQINGXIE。TONGGUOHUISHOUWANGLUODEWANSHANYUGOUJIAN，CONGYUANTOUFENLEI、XIANSHANGXIANXIAHUISHOUDENGGEGEHUANJIE，SHIXIANGUFEIFENLEIMINGQUEHEQUXIANGMINGQUE，TONGGUOFENLEIHUISHOU、QUANMIANQUEBAOGUFEIJINJIDI，BAOZHANGJIDIXIANGMUDEZHENGCHANGYUNZHUAN。

SANSHIWEIRAO“LIANGXINGJIDI”TISHENGCHENGSHIGUFEIZIYUANHUAJISHUSHUIPING。YINDAOZHONGDIANGUFEICHANSHENGQIYE、LIYONGQIYE、KEYANYUANSUO、XINGYEXIEHUI、ZIXUNJIGOUJIADAYANFATOURU，ZHENGTITISHENGCHUANTONGDIFUJIAZHIGUFEILIYONGJISHUGONGYI，DAZAOJINGJIXIAOYIYUHUANBAOXIAOYISHUANGYINGDEGUFEILIYONGJISHUTIXI。ZAIQUANMIANCHULILIYONGJICHUSHANGWEIRAOCHULINANDUDA、LIYONGSHUIPINGDIDEGUFEILEIXINGJINXINGLIANHEGONGGUAN，QUEBAOGUFEIKEYIDEDAOGAOXIAOLIYONGHEANQUANCHUZHI。

SISHITONGGUO“LIANGXINGJIDI”TUIDONGCHENGSHIHUANBAOCHANYEFAZHAN。YINDAOGONGYEYUANQU、GAOXINJISHUCHANYEYUAN、JINGJIJISHUKAIFAQUDENGGONGYEGUFEICHANSHENGQUKAIZHANGUFEIZONGHELIYONG，TUIJINGUFEIWUHAIHUACHULIYUZONGHELIYONGQIYEJIJU，ZHENGTITISHENGGUFEIZONGHECHULILIYONGJISHUYUGUIMO，BUDUANXINAZHOUBIANXIANGGUANQIYE“TUICHENGRUYUAN”，SHANGXIAYOUHUANBAOZHUANGBEIZHIZAOQIYERUJIDI，TUIDONGJIDIZIYUANLIYONGXINGYEZUODAZUOQIANG，XINGCHENGJIENENGHUANBAO、ZONGHELIYONGCHANYEJIJUYUFAZHANZHUANGDA。

WUSHIZUOHAO“LIANGXINGJIDI”JIANGUAN，TUIJINZHIHUI“WUFEICHENGSHI”。JIANLIWANSHANJIDIFEIQIWUPINGTAI，WANSHANXINXITONGJIYUJIAOHUANXITONG，SHIXIANJIDIDEQUANWUZHILIUTONGJI，TONGGUODASHUJUPINGTAIDUIGUFEIDELAIYUAN、QUXIANG、CHANPINHUAJINXINGQUANFANGWEIFENXI，BANGFUQIYEJINYIBUMINGQUEFAZHANFANGXIANG。SHIXIANHUANBAOTONGYIJIANKONGHEJIANGUAN，WANSHANTONGYIDEWUSHUICHULI、ZHACHANGTIANMAI、DAQIJIANGUAN，BIMIAN“ERCIWURAN”FASHENG。

LIUSHIWANSHAN“LIANGXINGJIDI”ZHIDUBAOZHANG，XINGCHENG“WUFEICHENGSHI”ZHANGJIUYUNXINGTIXI。YICHENGSHIWEIDANWEI，DUIXIAQUGELEIGUFEIJINXINGTONGCHOUGUIHUA，CONGDINGCENGSHEJICENGMIANWANSHANSHOUCHUYUNGUANLITIAOLI，JIANGCHENGSHIGUFEICHULIYULIYONGZHIBIAONARUSHENGTAIWENMINGJIANSHEKAOHEZHIBIAOTIXIZHONG，QIANGHUAGEJIZHENGFUYUZHIXINGBUMENDUISHOUYUNTIXI、CHULIJIDIXIANGMUDEJIANGUANYUJIANGCHENG。WANSHANTOURONGZIMOSHI，TUIJINZHENGFUYINDAO、SHICHANGYUNZUO，GULIGENGDUOZIBENJIARUDAOJIDIXIANGMUDETOUZIJIANSHEDANGZHONG，JIAKUAIJIANSHE“LIANGXINGJIDI”，SHIXIANCHENGSHIYONGXUWUFEI。

CANKAOWENXIAN

[1]SHENGTAIHUANJINGBU.2019NIANQUANGUODA、ZHONGCHENGSHIGUTIFEIWUWURANHUANJINGFANGZHINIANBAO.2020.

[2]DINGNING,LIUQI.WUFEICHENGSHI“11+5”SHIDIANGUFEIGUANLIXIANZHUANG[J].CHENGXIANGJIANSHE,2019,569(14):11-22.

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