和记国际备用域名

RENGONGZHINENG（AI）DEFAZHANYIDA60YUNIAN，SHEJIFANWEIFEICHANGGUANGFAN，YONGYOUBIYIBANKEJILINGYUGENGFUZA、GENGFENGFUDENEIHAN。XIANJIEDUANRENGONGZHINENGJISHUYANJIUJIANGWEIRAOSUANFA、KUANGJIARUANJIAN、XINPIANSANGEFANGMIAN。WEILAISHINIANSHIRENGONGZHINENGCHANYEFAZHANDEZHONGYAOSHIQI，YESHIRENGONGZHINENGXINPIANJISHUTUPODEGUANJIANSHIQI，YUANQIRENGONGZHINENGJISHUDEFAZHANLUJINGJIANGHUIYANZHESUANFA、SUANLILIANGTIAOZHUXIANXIANGQIANFAZHAN，BINGZHUBUDAILINGRENLEIJINRUDAORENJIXIETONGSHIDAI。FAZHANRENGONGZHINENGDEZUIZHONGMUBIAOBINGBUSHIYAOTIDAIRENLEIZHINENG，ERSHIYAOYURENLEIZHINENGXINGCHENGHUBU，SHIDERENLEICONGFANZHONGDEZHONGFUXINGGONGZUOZHONGJIEFANGCHULAI，CONGERZHUANZHUYUTUIDONGRENLEIZISHENWENMINGDEJINBU。

一、我国发展人工智能面临三方面挑战

WOGUOFAZHANRENGONGZHINENGDANGQIANMIANLINDETIAOZHANZHUYAOZAIAISUANFA、AIKUANGJIARUANJIANJIAIXINPIANSANGEFANGMIAN，XIANGXILUNSHURUXIA。

（一）AI算法

RENGONGZHINENGJISHUCHANGJIANDESUANFAJISHUYOUJUECESHU、SUIJISENLIN、LUOJIHUIGUI、ZHICHIXIANGLIANGJI、POSUBEIYESISUANFADENG，GUONEIGEDAGAOXIAOTUANDUIYIZHIYOUSHENRUYANJIU，DANSHIZAIKEYANCHENGGUOZHUANHUALINGYUYIZHIFAZHANHUANMAN，NANDIANZAIYURUHEJIANGSUANFAHESHIJIGONGCHENGYINGYONGJIEHE，SHIXIANJISHUXIANGSHENGCHANLIDEZHUANHUA。MUQIANYIHUAWEI、ALI、TENGXUNDENGGONGSIZHUDAODEJISHUYANFATUANDUI，JIANGZISHENYINGYONGHESUANFAJISHUJIEHE，CONGCHANYELINGYUSHIXIANSUANFADEJISHUCHENGGUOZHUANHUA。

DICENGSHUXUEKUDEYANJIUYIZHISHUYULENGMENXINGYE，YIFANGMIANYINWEIJISHUCHENGGUOZHUANHUABUYI，LINGYIFANGMIANYINWEIYANJIULINGYUXIAZHAI，GUONEIJINYOUSHAOSHUKEYANTUANDUIZHUANZHUYUCI。QIYELINGYU，ZHUYAOSHICHANGSHICONGDICENGYINGJIANKAIFAJIAODU，TONGGUOYOUHUASHUXUEKUSHIXIANYINGJIANXIAOLVZUIYOUHUADEFANGSHIJINXINGYANJIU，RUMEIGUONVIDIAGONGSIKAIFALEcuDNNDESHENDUXUEXIKU，SHIZHUANMENZHENDUIQICUDA GPUDEYOUHUA，DANSHIBINGMEIYOUDUIDAGUIMOJIQIXUEXICHANGJINGZHONGFENBUSHIBINGXINGDEZHICHI。MEIGUOIBM (PML)HEIntel (DistML)ZAIQIANXIENIANJUNKAIFALEJIQIXUEXI/SHENDUXUEXIXIANGGUANKUANGJIA、KUHEGONGJUJI，DANJUNXIANNEIBUSHIYONGHUOZHESHIJIANDANBANBENDEKAIYUAN。DatabricksGONGSIYISparkWEIHEXINKAIFAZHICHIJIQUNXUEXIXIANGGUANDEKU。JIYUKAIYUANRUANJIANCaffeKUOZHANLEJIYUMPIDEFENBUSHIBINGXINGSHIXIAN。CONGMIANXIANGSHICHANGDECHANPINJIAODUKAN，ZHEIXIEMUQIANHAICHUYUYANZHIJIEDUAN，XINGNENGHEWENDINGXINGGAISHANKONGJIANQIANLIJUDA。

SUANFALINGYUDEJISHUTUPO，WOGUOKEYANJIGOUHEQIYEDEGUANZHUDIANSHIBUYIYANGDE。KEYANLINGYUZHENDUIMUQIANDEYIYOUSUANFAJINXINGSHENDUYOUHUA，SHIXIANGENGHAODECHULIXIAOGUO，HUOZHELINGPIXIJING，DUIYUANYOUSUANFAJINXINGTUOTAIHUANGU。ERQIYEZEGENGDUOLIZUYUCHANYEFAZHANXUYAO，JIANGCHENGSHUDESUANFAYINGYONGDAOSHIJIDEGONGCHENGXIANGMUZHONG，SHIXIANRENGONGZHINENGCHANYEHUA。

（二）AI框架软件

GUONEIDEAIKUANGJIARUANJIANZHUJIANQIBU，YEKAISHIYONGBAOKAIYUAN，BINGZHENGZAIPEIYUZIJIDESHENGTAIHUANJING。KUANGJIARUANJIANSHIRENGONGZHINENGSHENGTAIZHONGZUIZHONGYAODEYINSUZHIYI，WOGUOXUYAOCUJINGUOCHANZIYANKUANGJIARUANJIANDEFAZHANHETUIGUANG，BAITUOGUOWAIDERUANJIANSHENGTAIBIAOZHUNZHIYUE。GUOCHANAIKUANGJIARUANJIANXUYAOHEGUOCHANAIXINPIANJIYINGJIANJINXINGXIANGHUSHIPEI、XINGNENGYOUHUAHEYINGYONGTUIGUANG，NENGGOUXINGCHENGMIANXIANGXINGYEYINGYONGDERUANYINGJIANYITIHUAPINGTAI，CUJINZHEIZHONGRONGHEJISHUZAIGEXINGYEDECHANYETUIGUANG。

1.AI框架软件

AIKUANGJIARUANJIANSHIXIANGGUANSUANFA、KU、GONGJUDEJIHE。AIKUANGJIARUANJIANDECHUXIANJIANGDILESHIYONGMENJIAN，KAIFARENYUANJIEZHUJISUANKUANGJIA，BUXUYAOCONGFUZADESHENJINGWANGLUOKAISHIBIANXIEDAIMA，KEYIYIJUXUYAO，SHIYONGYIYOUDEMOXING，KUAISUSHIXIANYINGYONG。KUANGJIARUANJIANTIGONGLEYIXILIEDEJIQIXUEXI、SHENDUXUEXIZUJIAN，QIZHONG，TONGYONGDEAISUANFAYIJICHENGSHIXIAN，RUOXUYAOSHIYONGXINDESUANFAKEGENJUZIJIDEXUQIUQUDINGYI，RANHOUDIAOYONGSHENDUXUEXIKUANGJIADEHANSHUJIEKOUSHIYONGHUZIDINGYIDEXINSUANFA。SUIZHEZHEIXIEKAIYUANKUANGJIAZAIQUANQIUFANWEINEIDEGUANGFANSHIYONG，HULIANWANGJUTOUKAISHIZHUJIANZHANGKONGLERENGONGZHINENGDEYINGYONGSHENGTAI，XINGCHENGLEJIHUSUOYOUDEAIXINPIAN、XITONG、PINGTAIDOUXUYAOYUZHEIXIEZHULIUKUANGJIASHIPEIDEJUMIAN。AISUANFADESHENGCHANYUCHENGXUSHENGCHANBUTONG，SHIYIGEXITONGGONGCHENG，XUYAONENGGOUXIETONGYOUHUASHUJU、SUANFA、SUANLIDEPINGTAIJICHANPIN。SHENDUXUEXIDUISUANLIYOUJIAOGAOXUQIU，YINCIXIANGJICHUXIANLEYIXIEZHUANMENDEJISUANKUANGJIARUANJIANHEPINGTAI，RUGUGEDETensorFlow、BOKELIDAXUEDECaffe、FacebookDEPyTorch（JIYUTorchTUICHU）、WEIRUANDECNTK、YAMAXUNDEMXNet、BAIDUDEPaddlePaddleDENG。

2.国内AI框架软件主要研发厂商

GUONEIRENGONGZHINENGCHANYEYESHIDAMIANJICAIYONGGUOWAIYANFADEZHEIXIEKUANGJIARUANJIAN，ZIYANDEAIKUANGJIARUANJIANXIANGDUIBIJIAOXIAOZHONG，ZHUYAOJIZHONGZAICONGSHIAISUANFAYANJIUBIJIAOZAODEJIGEGONGSINEIBUSHIYONG，DANSHISUIZHEJISHUJINBU，ZHUJIANKAISHIJINRUSHIYONGHUANJIE，BINGKAIYUANFABU。GUONEIBIJIAOZHIMINGDEJIGEKUANGJIARUANJIANDEQINGKUANGRUXIA。

BAIDUFEIJIANGPaddlePaddle：SHIGUONEIKAIFAJIAOWEIWANSHANDEAIJISUANKUANGJIA，SHIJISHENDUXUEXIHEXINKUANGJIA、JICHUMOXINGKU、DUANDAODUANKAIFATAOJIAN、GONGJUZUJIANHEFUWUPINGTAIYUYITIDEKAIYUANSHENDUXUEXIPINGTAI。MUQIANBAIDUYOUCHAOGUO30GEZHUYAOCHANPINDOUZAISHIYONG PaddlePaddle，CONGSHICHANGJIESHOUCHENGDUPANDUAN，MUQIANHAICHUYUQIBUJIEDUAN，SHIYONGQUNTIXIANGDUIJIAOSHAO，HAIXUYAOJIADAYANFATOURUHESHICHANGPEIYANG。

KUANGSHIBrain++：YONGYOUZIZHUYANFASHENDUXUEXIKUANGJIA，ZIZHUYANFADEAISUANFAPINGTAIBrain++ZUOWEITONGYIDEDICENGJIAGOU，WEISUANFAXUNLIANJIMOXINGGAIJINGUOCHENGTIGONGZHONGYAOZHICHI。ZAISUANFAKAIFAFANGMIAN，KUANGSHIZIYANKAIYUANSHENDUXUEXIKUANGJIAMegEngine（Brain++HEXINZUJIANZHIYI），Brain++BANGZHUKUANGSHIGOUJIANLEYITIAOBUDUANZIWOGAIJIN、BUDUANGENGJIAZIDONGHUADESUANFASHENGCHANXIAN，BINGNENGGOUZHENDUIBUTONGCHUIZHILINGYUDESUIPIANHUAXUQIUDINGZHIFENGFUQIEBUDUANZENGZHANGDESUANFAZUHE。

SHANGTANGParrots：SHIYIGEXUNLIANKUANGJIA，HEXINSHIYIGEDONGTAIDEBIANYIYUDIAODUYINQING，SHANGTANGParrotsCAIYONGDONGTAISHISHIBIANYIJISHU，SUOYOUDAIMADOUSHIZAIYUNXINGGUOCHENGDANGZHONGJISHIBIANYI，BINGQIEFANGDAOJISUANXINPIANHUOYINQINGSHANGDAGUIMODIBINGXINGZHIXING。JUBEILECHUANTONGJINGTAISHENDUWANGLUODESHENSUOXING，YIJIDANGDAIDONGTAIBIANCHENGMOXINGDELINGHUOXING，DADAOLEZHEILIANGZHEDEZUIJIAJIEHE。

HUAWEIMindSpore：JISUANKUANGJIAYIJINGZHENGSHIKAIYUAN。MindSporeYUANSHENGSHIYINGMEIGECHANGJINGBAOKUODUAN、BIANYUANHEYUN。TONGGUOMindSporeZISHENDEJISHUCHUANGXINJIMindSporeYUHUAWEISHENGTENGAIXINPIANDEXIETONGYOUHUA，SHIXIANYUNXINGTAIDEGAOXIAO，DADATIGAOLEJISUANXINGNENG。

（三）AI芯片

ZAOZAISHANGSHIJI80NIANDAI，XUESHUJIEJIUTICHULEXIANGDANGWANSHANDEAISUANFAMOXING，DANZHIDAOJINXIENIAN，MOXINGDENEIZAIJIAZHIYEMEIYOUBEIZHENZHENGSHIXIANGUO，ZHEIZHUYAOSHISHOUXIANYUYINGJIANSHUIPINGNANYITIGONGKEYIZHICHENGSHENDUSHENJINGWANGLUOXUNLIAN/TUILIGUOCHENGSUOXUYAODESUANLI。AIXINPIANDECHUXIANXIANZHUTIGAOLESHUJUCHULISUDU，YOUQIZAICHULIHAILIANGSHUJUSHIMINGXIANYOUYUCHUANTONGCPU。YIBANJIANGAIXINPIANDINGYIWEI“ZHUANMENZHENDUIAISUANFAZUOLETESHUJIASUSHEJIDEXINPIAN”，GENJUJISHUTIXIJIEGOU，ZHUYAOFENWEIGPU、FPGA、ASICHELEINAOXINPIANSIDALEI。AIXINPIANZAIBIANYUANJISUANZHONGSHITIGONGSUANLIDELINGHUNHEDANAO，CHENGZAILEWEIGEZHONGZHONGDUANTIGONGQIANGDASUANLIDEZHONGYAORENWU，ZHIDAOJINNIAN，GPU、FPGA、ASICDENGAIXINPIANBEITOURUDAOXIANGGUANLINGYUYINGYONG，CAIJIEJUELESUANLIBUZUDEWENTI。

1.基于技术架构分类的AI芯片

（1）GPU

GPU（Graphics Processing Unit，TUXINGCHULIQI），SHILIYONGCHULITUXINGRENWUDETUXINGCHULIQILAIJISUANYUANBENYOUZHONGYANGCHULIQICHULIDETONGYONGJISUANRENWU。GPUJINGGUODUONIANDESHENGTAIFAZHAN，YIJINGDUIJIQIXUEXI、SHENDUXUEXILEIYINGYONGJUYOULIANGHAODEJIANRONGXING，TONGYONGXINGQIANG、JINGDUZHICHILINGHUO、XINGNENGCHUZHONG。GPUMIANDUIDEZESHILEIXINGGAODUTONGYIDE、XIANGHUWUYILAIDEDAGUIMOSHUJUHEBUXUYAOBEIDADUANDECHUNJINGDEJISUANHUANJING。GPUDEGUANJIANXINGNENGSHIBINGXINGJISUAN，ZHULIUDEGPUJUYOUQIANGDADEJISUANNENGLIHENEICUNDAIKUAN，WULUNXINGNENGHAISHINEICUNDAIKUAN，JUNYUANDAYUTONGDAIDECPU。CPU YOUZHUANWEISHUNXUCHUANXINGCHULIERYOUHUADEJIGEHEXINZUCHENG，ER GPU ZEYONGYOUYIGEYOUSHUYIQIANJIDEGENGXIAO、GENGGAOXIAODEHEXIN（ZHUANWEITONGSHICHULIDUOZHONGRENWUERSHEJI）ZUCHENGDEDAGUIMOBINGXINGJISUANJIAGOU。TONGSHICPUXIANGDANGYIBUFENSHIJIANZAIZHIXINGWAISHEDEZHONGDUAN、JINCHENGDEQIEHUANDENGRENWU，ERGPUYOUGENGDUODESHIJIANBINGXINGJISUAN。

（2）FPGA

FPGA（Field Programma-ble Gate Array，XIANCHANGKEBIANCHENGMENZHENLIE），ZUOWEIYIZHONGBANDINGZHIDIANLU，HANYOUSHUZIGUANLIMOKUAI、NEIQIANSHIDANYUAN、SHUCHUDANYUANYIJISHURUDANYUANDENG，DUIYUTEDINGYUNSUAN，KEYITONGGUOBIANCHENGZHONGZUDIANLU，ZHIJIESHENGCHENGZHUANYONGDIANLU，YONGHUKEYITONGGUO FPGA PEIZHIWENJIANLAISHIXIANYINGYONGCHANGJINGDEGAODUDINGZHI，KETONGSHIJINXINGSHUJUBINGXINGHERENWUBINGXINGJISUAN，JINERSHIXIANGAOXINGNENG、DIGONGHAO。FPGAYICIXINGCHENGBENYUANDIYUASIC，ZAIXINPIANXUQIUHAIWEICHENGGUIMO、SHENDUXUEXISUANFAZANWEIWENDING，RENGXUBUDUANDIEDAIGAIJINDEQINGKUANGXIA，LIYONGFPGAJUYOUKEZHONGGOUDETEXINGLAISHIXIANBANDINGZHIDEAIXINPIANSHIZUIJIAXUANZEZHIYI。FPGAKEYIMIANXIANGQIANDUANTUILICHANGJINGLINGHUOSHEDINGGONGNENG，MUQIANZAIRENGONGZHINENGTUILISHICHANGYINGYONGGUANGFAN。

（3）ASIC

ASIC（Application Specific Integrated Circuits，ZHUANYONGJICHENGDIANLU），SHIZHIYINGTEDINGYONGHUYAOQIUHETEDINGDIANZIXITONGDEXUYAOERSHEJI、ZHIZAODEJICHENGDIANLU。ASICXINPIANKEYIMIANXIANGYIXIECHENGSHUHUOTEDINGDESHENDUXUEXISUANFA，DINGZHIDIANLUHEZHUANYONGZHILINGJI，SHIXIAOLVHENENGXIAOBIDADAOZUIYOU。DANGQIANASICXINPIANZHUYAOMIANXIANGRENGONGZHINENGTUILIYINGYONGCHANGJING。ZHENDUITEDINGYONGHUCHANGJINGSHIYONGFPGA JINXINGYANFA，DANGSUANFACHENGSHU、XINPIANSHEJIGUDINGHOUZAIYIASIC DEFANGSHIJINXINGDAGUIMOSHENGCHAN，ZHENDUISHIYONGYINGYONGCHANGJING，ASICDEXINGNENGHENENGHAODOUYAOYOUYUSHICHANGSHANGDEXIANYOUXINPIAN，BAOKUO FPGA HE GPU。

TPU（ZHANGLIANGCHULIDANYUAN，Tensor Processing Units），SHIYIZHONGDINGZHIHUADEASICXINPIAN，TPUDEDANPIANCUNCHUQIRONGLIANGSHINVIDIA K80 GPUDE3.5BEI，DANSHITADETIJIXIANGDUIGENGXIAO。GUGETPUYIWEIGUGEDEZHUYAOCHANPINTIGONGLEJISUANZHICHI，DIYIDAI TPU JINNENGYONGYUTUILI，ERMUQIANFABUDE TPU2.0 JIKEYIYONGYUTUILI，YOUKEYIYONGYUXUNLIANSHENJINGWANGLUO。

（4）类脑芯片

LEINAOXINPIAN（Brain-Inspired Chip），KEMONIRENLEIDANAOXINXICHULIFANGSHI，NENGYIJIDIDEGONGHAODUIXINXIJINXINGYIBU、BINGXING、DISUHEFENBUSHICHULI，BINGJUBEIZIZHUGANZHI、SHIBIEHEXUEXIDENGDUOZHONGNENGLI，SHIZHINENGGOUZAITUILI、JUECE、JIYIDENGFANGMIANDADAOLEIRENZHINENGSHUIPING。LEINAOXINPIANBASHUZICHULIQIDANGZUOSHENJINGYUAN，BANEICUNZUOWEITUCHU，GENCHUANTONGFENGNUOYIMANJIEGOUBUYIYANG，TADENEICUN、CPUHETONGXINBUJIANSHIWANQUANJICHENGZAIYIQI。YINCIXINXIDECHULIWANQUANZAIBENDIJINXING，ERQIEYOUYUBENDICHULIDESHUJULIANGBINGBUDA，CHUANTONGJISUANJINEICUNYUCPUZHIJIANDEPINGJINGBUFUCUNZAI。

LEINAOZHINENGJIEJIANDANAOZHONG“NEICUNYUJISUANDANYUANHEYI”DENGXINXICHULIDEJIBENGUILV，ZAIYINGJIANSHIXIANYURUANJIANSUANFADENGDUOGECENGMIAN，DUIYUXIANYOUDEJISUANTIXIYUXITONGZUOCHUBENZHIDEBIANGE，BINGSHIXIANZAIJISUANNENGHAO、JISUANNENGLIYUJISUANXIAOLVDENGFANGMIANDEDAFUGAIJIN。IBMYIJINGKAISHIJINXINGDIANFUFENG·NUOYIMANTIXIJIEGOUDELEINAOZHINENGSUANFAYUJISHUDETANSUO，BINGYICHENGGONGYANZHICHUTrueNorthXINPIAN。

2.AI芯片特征对照及国内外主要研制厂商

BUTONGLEIXINGDEXINPIANZAITONGYONGXING、YINGYONGJIANRONGXING、BIANCHENGNANDU、XINGNENG、NENGXIAOBIDENGFANGMIANJUYOUGEZIDEYOUQUEDIAN，SHIYONGYUXUNLIAN、TUILIDENGBUTONGDEYINGYONGCHANGJING。BUTONGLEIXINGAIXINPIANDETEZHENGHEYOUQUEDIANRUBIAO1SUOSHI。

表1 不同类型AI芯片的特征和优缺点

DANGQIAN，AIXINPIANDEHEXINJISHUHESHICHANGBEIMEIGUOCHANGSHANGLONGDUAN，SUIRANGUONEIYIXIECHANGSHANGYEZAIJINXINGAIXINPIANYANZHI，DANWULUNSHIJISHUCHENGSHUDUHAISHISHICHANGZHANYOULVDENGFANGMIAN，YU和记国际备用域名JUTOUDECHAJURENGRANFEICHANGMINGXIAN。AIXINPIANGUONEIWAIZHUYAOYANZHICHANGSHANGRUBIAO2SUOSHI。

表2 AI芯片国内外主要研制厂商

GPU：PINGJIEGPUZAIDANGQIANRENGONGZHINENGSHICHANGDEZHUDAODIWEI，NVIDIAZAIAIXINPIANSHICHANGYIJIADUDA。AMDXINFABUDEGPUCHANPINYIJINGSHIXIANLEDUIZHULIUAIKUANGJIARUANJIANDELIANGHAOZHICHI，SHANGSHENGSHITOUMINGXIAN。IntelYEZHENGZAIJINXINGGPUYANFA。ZAIGUONEI，MUQIANHAIGUANGGONGSIZHENGZAIANJINDUTUIJINLEIGPU（DPU）XINPIANYANZHI，MUQIANYIJINGQUDEJIEDUANXINGJINZHAN。

FPGA：SHICHANGFENEPAIMINGDIERDEAIXINPIANFPGA，DANGQIANWANQUANBEIMEIGUODELIANGJIAGONGSIXilinxHEIntel（SHOUGOUDEAltera）SUOLONGDUAN，QUANQIUSHICHANGZHANYOULVDA90%。MUQIANGUONEICONGSHIFPGAXINPIANYANFADECHANGSHANGYOUZIGUANGTONGCHUANG（Titan）、FUDANWEIDIANZIDENGQIYE，QIFPGACHANPINXIANGBIMEIGUOCHANGSHANGLUOHOUYIDAI，QIECHANPINXINGNENGZHINENGDADAOGUOWAIPINPAISHANGYIDAITONGXILIECHANPINDEZHONGGAODUANSHUIPING，SHANGBUJUBEIKEKANGHENGSHILI。

ASIC：GUONEIDUOCAIYONGASICXINPIANJIAGOUJINXINGCHUANGXIN，ASICXINPIANXIANGBIGUOWAICHANGSHANGCHAJUXIANGDUIJIAOXIAO，TEBIESHIZAIXINPIANBENSHENDEXINGNENGHENENGXIAOBIFANGMIAN，ERZAIGAOXINGNENG GPU HE FPGA XINPIANLINGYUYANFAXIANGDUIZHIHOU。RUHANWUJIDENGDEASICXINPIANYIXINGCHENGLELIANGCHANCHANPIN。DANXIANGBIGUOWAIJUTOURENGRANCUNZAIYIXIEXIANTIANCHAJU，RUGoogleYANZHIDETPU，KEYIHEZIJIYANFABINGKAIYUANDEZHULIUSHENDUXUEXIKUANGJIATensor FlowJINXINGSHENRUZHENGHEHEYOUHUA，YOURUANJIANSHENGTAIDEJIACHI，JIANGJUYOUGENGHAODESHENGCUNYOUSHI。

二、我国发展人工智能的三个建议

（一）打造我国人工智能软硬件产业生态

PCSHIDAIDEWintelTIXI（WEIRUAN+Intel），YIJIYIDONGZHONGDUANSHIDAIDEAATIXI（ARM + Android），DOUSHITONGGUODAZAOWANZHENGDECHANYESHENGTAILAIBAKONGCHANYEDEZHUDAOQUAN，BINGQIECHUYUJUEDUIDEXINGYELONGDUANDIWEI。RENGONGZHINENGCHANYESHUYUXINXINGLINGYU，MUQIANSHANGWEIXINGCHENGJUEDUIZHUDAODEJISHULUJINGYILAI，CHANYESHENGTAIYEMEIYOUXINGCHENGJUEDUIDEBILEI，RUANYINGJIANXIETONGYOUHUAYICHENGWEITISHENGJISHUDEZHUYAOSHOUDUAN，DANCHUNDESHUJUYUSUANFAYOUHUAYIBUNENGMANZUCHANYEFAZHANXUQIU。

MIANDUIZHEIYIFAZHANQIJI，WOGUOYINGQIANGHUARENGONGZHINENGCHANYEFAZHANDINGCENGSHEJI，JIAQIANGRENGONGZHINENGRUANYINGJIANXIETONGBUJU，RU，GULIBAIDUFEIJIANGPaddle Paddle、KUANGSHI、SHANGTANGParrots、HUAWEIMind SporeDENGRUANJIANKUANGJIAQIYE，YUHANWUJI（MLU）、HUAWEI（SHENGTENG）、ALI（HANGUANG）、ZHONGXINGWEI（NPU）、BITEDALU（SUANFENG）、DIPINGXIAN、BAIDU（KUNLUN）、HAIGUANG（DPU）、ZIGUANGTONGCHUANG（Titan）、FUDANWEIDIANZIDENGAIXINPIANQIYEQIANGQIANGLIANHE，ZHONGDIANBUJUWOGUOZIZHUZHISHICHANQUANDE“KUANGJIARUANJIAN+AIXINPIAN”DERENGONGZHINENGSHENGTAITIXI，LIZHENGWUNIANNEIZAIRENGONGZHINENGLINGYUZHANJUZHUDAOYOUSHI。

（二）采取全面布局、分步突破的芯片发展路径

AIXINPIANDEHEXINJISHUHESHICHANGJUNCHUYUBEIMEIGUOCHANGSHANGLONGDUANDEZHUANGTAI，SUIRANGUONEIYIXIECHANGSHANGYEZAIJINXINGAIXINPIANYANZHI，DANWULUNSHIJISHUCHENGSHUDUHAISHISHICHANGZHANYOULVFANGMIAN，YU和记国际备用域名JUTOUDECHAJURENGRANFEICHANGMINGXIAN。MUQIANLAIKANWOGUOGPUJIFPGAJIBENWANQUANYILAIJINKOU。GPUFANGMIANQUANQIU70%DESHICHANGDOUBEINVIDIAZHANJU。FPGACHENGXIANGUATOULONGDUANDEJINGZHENGGEJU，MEIGUOLIANGJIAGONGSIXilinxHEIntel（SHOUGOUDEAltera）SUOLONGDUAN，QUANQIUSHICHANGZHANYOULVDADAO90%。SANKUANAIXINPIANZONGTILAIKAN，ASICGUOCHANHUACHENGDUXIANGDUIJIAOHAO。

YINCI，XIANJIEDUANZHENDUIWOGUOAIXINPIANDEXIANSHIQINGKUANG，KECAIQUQUANMIANBUJU、FENBUTUPODEFAZHANLUJING，JINQIZHONGDIANTUPOZHUANYONGXINPIANASIC，YUANQIYICITUPOGPU、FPGADENGTONGYONGXINPIAN。YOUYUASICZHUANYONGXINGJIAOQIANG，BUTONGCHANGSHANGWANGWANGHUIGENJUTEDINGDEYINGYONGCHANGJINGXUQIUJINXINGYOUZHENDUIXINGDEYANFA，ERGPU、FPGADENGTONGYONGXINPIANYOUYUMUQIANGUOWAIYOUJIAOWEICHENGSHUDEBIAOZHUNHUACHANPIN，GUONEICHANGSHANGZIZHUYANFAHUOGUOCHANHUATIDAIDEYIYUANBINGBUQIANGLIE。YINCICONGCHANYEBUJUJIAODULAIKAN，ZHENGFUYINGJIADALIDUZHULIYOUTIAOJIANYOUYIYUANDEQIYE，ZAIGPU、FPGADENGTONGYONGXINPIANYANZHIFANGMIANTOURUJINGLISHIXIANFENBUTUPO。

（三）加强类脑芯片等前沿领域的布局

LEINAOXINPIANYANFALINGYUSHUYUQIANZHANXINGLINGYU，MUQIANQIYEZAICIFANGMIANBINGBUHUIGUODUOSHEJI，YINCIYINGCHONGFENFAHUIGUONEIGAOXIAOYIJIKEYANYUANSUOLILIANGJINXINGCHONGFENBUJU。MUQIAN，IBMYANZHIDETrueNorthXINPIANZUOWEILEINAOJISUANLINGYUDETUPOXINGJINZHAN，JIDADITUIJINLERENGONGZHINENGDEFAZHAN，DANLEINAOJISUANRENGCUNZAIHENDADEFAZHANKONGJIAN。SUIZHECUNCHU、LUOJI、CHUANGANJISHUDEGAIJIN，JIANGLAILEINAOJISUANXINPIANYOUWANGDADAOGENGDINENGHAO、GENGJINCOUJIEGOUHEGENGKUAISUDU。

WOGUOZHENDUILEINAOXINPIANDEYANJIUSHANGCHUYULILUNJIEDUAN，和记国际备用域名LONGTOUQIYEHAIMEIYOUXINGCHENGMINGQUEDEJISHUJIZHISHICHANQUANBILEI，YINCIQUANQIUKEJICHANYEJUTOUDOUZAIJIJITUIDONGRENGONGZHINENGJISHUSHENGTAIDEYANFABUJU，QUANLIQIANGZHANRENGONGZHINENGCHANYEDEZHIGAODIANHEHUAYUQUAN。

三、结语

RENMENDUIRENGONGZHINENGDEQIWANG，JUEBUJINYONGLAIJIEJUEXIAZHAIDE、TEDINGLINGYUDEMOUGEJIANDANJUTIDEXIAORENWU，ERSHIQIWANGNENGGOUZHENZHENGXIANGRENLEIYIYANG，JIEJUEBUTONGLINGYU、BUTONGLEIXINGDEFUZAWENTI，BINGJINXINGPANDUANHEJUECE。

FAZHANRENGONGZHINENGDEZHONGJIMUBIAOYEBUSHIYAOTIDAIRENLEIZHINENG，ERSHIYAOYURENLEIZHINENGXINGCHENGYOUSHIHUBU，BANGZHURENLEICHULIXUDUOSUIRANNENGGOUCHULIDANXIAOLVBUGOUGAODEGONGZUO，SHIDERENLEICONGFANZHONGDEZHONGFUXINGGONGZUOZHONGJIEFANGCHULAI，CONGERZHUANZHUYUTUIDONGRENLEIZISHENWENMINGDEJINBU。

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